Multiresolution kernel matrix algebra

We propose a sparse arithmetic for kernel matrices, enabling efficient scattered data analysis. The compression of kernel matrices by means of samplets yields sparse matrices such that assembly, addition, and multiplication of these matrices can be performed with essentially linear cost. Since the inverse of a kernel matrix is compressible, too, we have also fast access to the inverse kernel matrix by employing exact sparse selected inversion techniques. As a consequence, we can rapidly evaluate series expansions and contour integrals to access, numerically and approximately in a data-sparse format, more complicated matrix functions such as $A^\alpha$ and $\exp(A)$. By exploiting the matrix arithmetic, also efficient Gaussian process learning algorithms for spatial statistics can be realized. Numerical results are presented to quantify and quality our findings

Device Therapies Among Patients Receiving Primary Prevention Implantable Cardioverterâ Defibrillators in the Cardiovascular Research Network

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/143721/1/jah33061_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/143721/2/jah33061.pd

Massively Parallel RNA Sequencing Identifies a Complex Immune Gene Repertoire in the lophotrochozoan Mytilus edulis

The marine mussel Mytilus edulis and its closely related sister species are distributed world-wide and play an important role in coastal ecology and economy. The diversification in different species and their hybrids, broad ecological distribution, as well as the filter feeding mode of life has made this genus an attractive model to investigate physiological and molecular adaptations and responses to various biotic and abiotic environmental factors. In the present study we investigated the immune system of Mytilus, which may contribute to the ecological plasticity of this species. We generated a large Mytilus transcriptome database from different tissues of immune challenged and stress treated individuals from the Baltic Sea using 454 pyrosequencing. Phylogenetic comparison of orthologous groups of 23 species demonstrated the basal position of lophotrochozoans within protostomes. The investigation of immune related transcripts revealed a complex repertoire of innate recognition receptors and downstream pathway members including transcripts for 27 toll-like receptors and 524 C1q domain containing transcripts. NOD-like receptors on the other hand were absent. We also found evidence for sophisticated TNF, autophagy and apoptosis systems as well as for cytokines. Gill tissue and hemocytes showed highest expression of putative immune related contigs and are promising tissues for further functional studies. Our results partly contrast with findings of a less complex immune repertoire in ecdysozoan and other lophotrochozoan protostomes. We show that bivalves are interesting candidates to investigate the evolution of the immune system from basal metazoans to deuterostomes and protostomes and provide a basis for future molecular work directed to immune system functioning in Mytilus

Bembel: The fast isogeometric boundary element C++ library for Laplace, Helmholtz, and electric wave equation

In this article, we present Bembel, the C++ library featuring higher order isogeometric Galerkinboundary element methods for Laplace, Helmholtz, and Maxwell problems. Bembel is compatible withgeometriesfromtheOctaveNURBSpackage,andprovidesaninterfacetotheEigentemplatelibraryforlinear algebra operations. For computational efficiency, it applies an embedded fast multipole methodtailored to the isogeometric analysis framework and a parallel matrix assembly based on OpenMP

Electroplating of Dysprosium, Electrochemical Investigations, and Study of Magnetic Properties

Electroplating of dysprosium from several nonaqueous solutions and from an ionic liquid was studied. Dysprosium metal was used as the anode material, and several metals and a silicon wafer with a vacuum-deposited gold layer were used as cathode materials. Dysprosium was successfully electroplated from dimethylformamide-based solutions with high coulombic efficiency. The resulting dysprosium layer was effectively protected vs reactions with water and oxygen from air by electroplating an aluminum layer onto dysprosium from a nonaqueous electrolyte. All processes were investigated by electrochemical methods including cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, chronopotentiometry, and with the help of an electrochemical quartz microbalance coupled to an Autolab PGSTAT30 controlled by the GPES software from Eco Chemie B.V., Utrecht, The Netherlands. A nonaqueous reference electrode developed by Izutsu was applied; the diffusion potential was kept low by a slight modification of his original proposal. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy was used to verify electroplating of Dy. The presence of metallic Dy was also confirmed by superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry which showed a ferromagnetic moment at 5 K

Variation in Pathology Examination of Extended Core Prostate Biopsies: A CRN Pilot Project

Background/Aims: Extended core prostate biopsy (ECPB) removing 10–12 tissue cores is the standard of care in men investigated for prostate cancer; however, the manner of pathologic examination varies. Urologists may process cores by laterality into two specimen jars, or separate each core into 12 specimens for pathologic review. Considering the high volume of ECPBs performed annually, varying strategies of submitting specimens for review could lead to variations of over $1 billion in health care expenditures. We will examine the association between number of jars submitted for pathologic review and rates of prostate cancer detection and equivocal diagnoses. Methods: We are conducting a pilot project at two Cancer Research Network (CRN) sites –– Meyers Primary Care Institute (MPCI) in Worcester, MA, and Marshfield Clinic (MCRF) in Marshfield, WI –– to determine patterns of processing ECPB tissue cores for pathologic review in men aged 30–95 years who underwent ECPB between 2008–2011. ECPBs and subsequent pathology services were identified in the CRN virtual data warehouse (VDW). Prostate cancer diagnoses were identified in VDW tumor files and equivocal diagnoses as repeat ECPBs within 7–180 days of the initial biopsy. Site-specific methods for identifying and validating jar number have been developed. Results: To establish this pilot study, we constructed datasets using the CRN VDW, discovered new variables in raw claims data, and performed medical record abstraction to validate new variables. At MPCI, 731 ECPBs were conducted 2008–2011, with a median of 2 jars per ECPB (range: 1–36). Jar number was extracted from raw claims data and validated through selected medical chart review. At MCRF, 902 ECPBs were conducted 2008–2011, with a median of 3 jars per ECPB (range: 1–12). A jar number algorithm that partly includes manual abstraction for some patients was developed and validated through a systematic review of all identified biopsy patients. Additional analyses linking jar number to patient outcomes are ongoing. Discussion: A two-site CRN pilot project was successfully developed to investigate the association between jar number for ECPB pathologic review and patient prostate cancer outcomes. Combining VDW and raw claims data, we have established a strong foundation for future research in this area